Pipe or launder.



J. L. CLARK. PIPE OB LAUNDBB. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1911.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

fm/ .f,

Mines es. 8

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES LESTER CLARK, OF SOUTH KENSINGTON, LONDON, ENGLAND.

PIPE OR LAUNDER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES LESTER CLARK, a subject of His Majesty theKing of Great Britain, residing at South Kensington, London, England,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pipes or Launders,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pipes and launders particularly suitable forconveying abrasive or corrosive material; for example weathered pyriticsand pulp employed for stope filling in mines, which material is bothabrasive and corrosive, or dry sand, acid water, or the, like, or forconveying fluids where lightness is desirable, the pipes being for thispurpose of the known class formed of wood pulp or paper, or likeyielding and in part absorbent material treated with waterproofmaterials such as pitch. According to the invention, such pipes andlaunders are made of solidified wood pulp formed into sheets, or canvasor suitable textile or like yielding and in part absorbent material insheets which is waterproofed with a suitable agglutinant to which anabrasion resisting material is added, the latter being introducedthroughout and incorporatcd with the body of the pipe or the like beforeor while the sheets are being rolled upon a mandrel or otherwise shaped.Preferably the waterproofing is effected first, the sheets being thendried or partly dried so that their strength is somewhat increased afterwhich there is incorporated with such sheets during formation into apipe or the like the material adapted to resist abrasion to which ispreferably added an agglutinant such as bitumen with the result that apipe of a hard gritty abrasion resisting character, but flexible withalis produced the necessary strength being obtained by the first use of aformed sheet while the abrasion resisting quality is obtained by theaddition of the abrasion resisting material. As the abrasion resistingmaterial pulverized or finely crushed flint, or cement, or sand, emery,or carborundum as examples, may be employed. Thus in forming a pipe forexample; the wood pulp made into sheets of the desired thickness, orcanvas or the like is rolled upon a mandrel or otherwise shaped, duringwhich operation an agglutinant such as bitumen, balata, rubber solution,or like material to which has been added for example, powdered flint orcement, is spread between the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 9, 1911.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

Serial No. 632,353.

layers as they are built up. The agglutinant saturates the material andwith the aid of suflicient pressure sufficiently incorporates theabrasion resisting material therewith. The pipe or the like is thensuitably dried.

The accompanying drawings illustrate some embodiments of the invention.

In such drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective View of a sheet treated asdescribed being wrapped upon a mandrel. Fig. 2 is an elevation on anenlarged scale of a finished pipe. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of aprotected pipe. Fig. 4 is an end view of same and Fig. 5 is an elevationof Fig. 3.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2 a is a mandrel Z) is the sheet of woodpulp or the like carrying the agglutinant and abrasion resistingmaterial on both sides, such sheet being of a width equal to the lengthof the pipe to be made, and 0 is a wrapping of wire over the completedpipe such wire being secured at each end by staples d. In Figs. 3, 4:and 5 the pipe of wood pulp or like sheeting b is covered by woodbattens 6 served outside with wire f secured at the ends by staples g.The ends of the tube in Fig. 2 are cut straight or at right angles totheir length but in Fig. 3 the combined tubes are formed with a spigotand socket ends it and 2' respectively. The wrapped abrasion resistingsheets made as described may carry in addition further agglutinant andabrasion resisting materials, such as bitumen and cement sand or flintas a lining where it is desired that this part of the materials of thepipe shall be most exposed to the action of the moving material whileyet retaining the elastic effect of the wood pulp or canvas portion.

It has before been proposed to dip sheets of straw board or asbestos inpitch mixed with vitreous or silicious matter, which sheets are thenrolled but the incorporation of the vitreous or like material thusobtained, is very slight and the quantity of the material only thatwhich the surfaces can absorb.

Pipes constructed according to my in vention are of an elastic natureand are capable of a certain amount of deformation which materiallyassists the internal surface in resisting abrasion as against a nonyielding pipe lined for example with abrasion resisting material, thoughit will be understood that the pipe or material described by me may beused as a lining to a pipe of either yielding or non yielding material,or it may be covered as descrlbed with wire to strengthen it orotherwise inclosed such for example by wood staves, or by other flexibleor yielding protecting means.

The preferable form of carrying out my invention as demonstrated byextensive experiments is to first waterproof a sheet I) or 7) ofsuitable thickness and width by thoroughly impregnating it with thebitumen or like substance; in the event of bitumen being employed as thewaterproofing medium its impregnation is insured by partly dissolvingthe bitumen by means of spirit or other suitable solvent or float of alike nature. When the waterproofed sheets are thoroughly dry they may berolled on a supply or store mandrel and from thence they ass throu h asteam 'acketed trou h or bath containing the anti-abrasive agglutinantin a fluid or molten state which is formed of bitumen, tar or likematerial mixed with cement and sand, or it may be cement or sand solelyafter which they are wound while still hot onto a slip mandrel a Fig. l(protected if desired by a layer of untreated sheet) the outsidediameter of such mandrel being equal to the bore of the required pipes.

While the wood pulp or canvas sheet is being wound upon itself on theslip mandrel a a steam jacketed roller may be kept in compression bysprings, weights or other suitable means against the sheets to insurethe homogeneity of the pipes. The pipes are then allowed to dry and ifdesired covered or served outside with wire 0 or otherwise protected asshown for example in Figs. 3 to 5.

As an example of the mixture of a suitable agglutinant for a material ofa certain consistency of abrasion resisting effect, a mixture of twothirds of bitumen to one third of bitumen to one third of cement may beused. As a medium for raising the melting point of the agglutinant incases where the pipes are to be used in high temperature localities, acertain percentage of sulfur may be added to the bitumen.

What I claim is 1. A pipe or launder of the character designatedcomposed of a sheet of yielding and in part absorbent material rolledupon itself and carrying an added abrasion resisting material togetherwith an agglutinant, such as bitumen, incorporated therewith whereby ahard gritty abrasion resisting but flexible article is obtained.

2. A pipe or launder of the character designated composed of a sheet ofyielding and in part absorbent material rolled upon itself and carryingan added abrasion resisting material together with an agglutinant, suchas bitumen, incorporated therewith, and between the layers of samewhereby a hard gritty abrasion resisting but flexible article isobtained.

3. A pipe or launder of the character designated composed of a sheet ofwaterproofed and dried yielding and in part absorbent material rolledupon itself and carrying an added abrasion resisting material togetherwith an agglutinant incorporated therewith and between the layers ofsame, whereby a hard gritty abrasion resisting but flexible article isobtained.

4. A pipe or launder of the character designated composed of a sheet ofyielding and in part absorbent material rolled upon itself and carryingan added abrasion resisting material together with an agglntinant, suchas bitumen, incorporated therewith, and having also a lining of similarabrasion resisting material and agglutinant whereby a hard grittyabrasion resisting but flexible article is obtained.

5. A pipe or launder of the character designated composed of a sheet ofyielding and in part absorbent material rolled upon itself and carryingan added abrasion resisting material together with an agglutinant, suchas bitumen, incorporated therewith and between the layers of same, and aflexible protective covering whereby a hard gritty abrasion resistingbut flexible article is obtained.

In-witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JAMES LESTER CLARK.

Witnesses ALLEN PARRY JoNEs, EDWARD TRUMP Fos'rnn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained forfive cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C.

